Steam-generator.



1 M.- VON PAGENHARDT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19, 1914.

Patented Sept. 22,1914.

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WITNESSES E Q Maxim/71a)? V0}? Pagan/7am! ATTORNEY THE NORRIS PETERS 60.. PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. D. c

M. VON PAGENHARDT.

STEAM GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED 11111.19; 1914 Pallented Sept. 22, 19141 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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MAXIMILIAN VON PAGENHARDT, OF KANSAS CITY,MISSOURI.

4 STEAM-GENERATOR.

Application filed January 19, 1914. Serial No. 812,954.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAXIMILIAN voN PAGENHARDT, a subject of Germany,.resid1ng at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam- Generators; and I do declare the following to be-a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. 1

My invention relates to steam generators,

andhas for its principal object to provide means for use in combination with an ordinary water tube, or other boiler shell, Whereby water may be drawn from the shell in relatively small volume and conducted through a furnace, in order that steam may be generated quickly in the conduits and thereby obviate the necessity for heating the entire volume of water. within the shell to the boiling point. In accomplishing this object I provide paired headers at each side of the furnace and shell, arranged in upper and lower relation, and connect the lower headers with the lower portion of the shell to provide supply for the heating conduits; connect each lower header with the opposite upper header bya conduit which extends through the furnace, so that water passing therethrough may be heated to generate steam; connect each upper'header with the interiorof the shell, preferably at a point above the water line, so that steam generated in the headers and their connections. may pass to the air space in the shell, and connect the headers with each other, so that water entering the upper headers, through the heating conduits, may; escape back to the lower header and circulate within the auxiliary mechanism, without being passed to the boilershell with the steam.

In the detail construction of the generator I have arranged the headers and their connections in such manner that the connections may be easily cleaned and replaced when necessary, and haveprovided other improvements which are hereinafter specifically Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 22, 1914.

pointed out and claimed; reference being had in the description to the accompanying drawings, wherein i Figure I is a perspective view of a steam generator constructed in accordance with my invention; the casing being omitted in order to illustrate the headers and their connections. Fig. II is a vertical section-of the furnace, shell and generator parts. Fig. III is an end View of the generator, particularly illustrating the saddle for supporting the shell and headers. Fig. IV is an end View of the silo. Fig. V is a detail view of the connection between the steam pipe and shell. Fig. VI is a similar View of the connection for the water supply pipe. Fig. VII is a horizontal section, illustrating the combination of the saddle with the furnace wall. Fig. VIII is a vertical section corresponding to Fig. II, but illustrating a modified form of header and heating conduits. Fig. IX is an enlarged cross-section of the modified form of header, indicating the removal of the water supply pipe. Fig. Xis an enlarged elevation of a portion. of the header, showing an arrangement for the heating conduits.

Referring more in detail to the parts :1

designates a furnace which may be of any ordinary construction, except that the top wall 2 is preferably concaved to receive a shell 3 which extends longitudinally above the furnace, with its lower portion within the seat in the top wall 2, and is supported at each end. by a saddle, preferably comprising gussets 6 (Fig. III), having flanges 7 riveted to the shell and having spaced inwardly and outwardly opening seats 9-10 at each side of the furnace; each of the seats being provided with a flange 11 and the lower seat being faced toward the adjacent side wall of the furnace.

Located within the lower saddle seats 9, at each side .of the furnace, is a header 12, which is preferably held in place by rivets 13 on the seat flange, and the inner portion of which lies close against the side wall of the furnace, to receive heat from the furnace without being directly contacted by the flames. I

Extending along the under surface of the top wall of the furnace, and opening 4N1 OFFICE.

through the concaved seat therein, are pipes 14, having their lower ends connected with the lower header 12 and their upper ends fixed in heads 15 that are attached to the shell and having conduits 16 communicating with ports 17 in the shell, so that water may be conducted from the lower portion of the shell to the lower header 12 at each side of the furnace; the preferred form of connection between the pipes 11 and the heads and header being that wherein the ends of the pipes are expanded in the heads and header respectively; in this way obviating the use of threaded or like connections and their tend ency to leak.

In order to insure circulation of water from the shell to the lower header, I extend pipes 18 from the end of the shell to 20 the lower headers, outside of the furnace, in

order that water flowing therethrough may not be subject to the direct influence of the heat. in the furnace and thereby insure downward flow from the shell to the headers.

Supported freely within the upper seat 10 is a header 19 which is connected with the lower head 12 by pipes 20, so that water may flow from the upper to the lower headers. The header 19 is also connected with the upper portion of the shell 3 by a pipe 21, the upper portion of which is extended through a head 22 on the shell and through the shell to a point above the water ilevel therein, so that steam rising from the upper header is delivered above the water in the shell; the preferred connection between the pipe 21 and the header and shell 3 being that wherein a main pipe section 40 has its ends expanded in the header and head 22 respectively, and an auxiliary section of pipe 23 is threaded into theshell and projected into the head 22. o

Each of the upper headers 19 isconnected with the opposite lower header 12 by conduits 25 which extend transversely throughthe upper portion of the furnace, so that they are directly contacted by flame from the fire, and in this way heat water that is circulated"therethrough, to produce rapid generation of steam; the conduits being extended in a straight line from one header to the other and projected through sealed apertures in the top wall of the furnace to obviate loss of heat about the conduits.

- I posite the pipes and conduits, through which The conduits, as well as the pipes 14, 18, 20 and 21 form direct connection between the headers or the headers and shell, and the headers have plugs 27 in their sides opthe latter may be installed, replaced or cleaned, and through which a suitable expanding tool may be projected to attach the pipes or conduits to the headers; the conmeeting pipes being preferably curved to yield when expanded 'or contracted by changing temperatures.

In using the generatonrpresuming the parts to be constructed and assembled as described, when a fire is started in the furnace, water contained within the cross con-o duits 25 is heated to a sufiicienttemperature to generate steam and the heating of the water causes a circulation therein toward the upper headers 19. When the heat is suilicient to generate steam, the steam rising through the conduits flows up through the pipes 21 into the air space above the water in the shell 3, while the hot water carried upwardly to the header, and water which is delivered to the head or formed therein by condensation of steam when the latter 'expands withinthe larger area, falls by grav ity through the connecting pipes 20 to the lower headers 12, where the circulation induced by heating the crossed conduits; again carries the water up through the conduits 25, through the furnace to the opposite uppe header, where the steam generated during the passage of the waterthrough the conduits in the furnace rises through the opposite pipes 21 to the top of the shell; the remaining water falling back through the pipes 20 to the lower header and beingjcarried again across the furnacein the manner described; the circulation of water being continuous through the cross conduits, headers and connecting pipes 20, while the steam generated during such circulation leaves'the water in the upper headers and passes on to the shell, in this way obviating loss of steam by condensation during travel through the pipes 21 from the upper headers to the top of the shell, or on account of the work required of the steam in forcing the liquidthrough the pipes 21.

It is apparent that the steam delivered to the top ofthe' shell will warm the surface of the water in the shell, so that it is main V tained at a higher temperature than the water in the lower portion ofthe shell, so that the cold water will continueto flow down through the pipes 1 1 and 18, to the lower headers and maintain the'circulation, makmg good the loss occasioned by the upfiow of steam to the top of the shell.

By having the upper headers 19 seate loosely in the saddles, the apparatus is ren dered sufhc ently flexible to obviate straightening on account of expansion and contraction of the cross conduits and connecting pipes, while providing support for theheaders;

ing in the, lower header the operation of the generator being the same,however, as with the preferred form. y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isz I f l. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, headers at opposite sides of the shell, inclined conduits leading through the furnace and connected with the headers at op posite sides of the furnace, with the lower shell, connected headers arranged in vertical, spaced relation at each side of the furnace, feed conduits leading to the lower headers, heating conduits connecting upper and lower headers on opposite sides of the furnace, and means connecting the upper headers with the upper portion of said shell.

3. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, connected headers arranged in vertically spaced relation at each side of the furnace, conduits connecting the upper and lower headers with upper andlower portions of the shell respectively, heating conduits connecting upper and lower headers on opposite sides of the furnace, feedconduits leading from the shell to the headers,

41. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, headers arranged in vertically spaced relation at each side of the furnace, pipes connecting upper and lower headers on the same side of the furnace, conduits connecting the upper and lower headers with upper and lower portions of'the shell respectively, heating conduits connecting upper and lower headers on opposite sides of the furnace, and

means for supplying the headers.

5. The combination with aifurnace, of a shell, a fixed header arranged longitudinally along each side of the furnace, afreely supported header at each side of the furnace adjacent the fixed header, pipes connecting the headers at the same side of the furnace, conduits connecting the fixed header on one side of the furnacewith the loose header on the opposite side, means for supplying the headers,"and tubes leading from the upper headers to the upper portion of the shell,

6. .The combination with a furnace, of

saddles having inwardly and outwardly facing seats at each side of the furnace, a shell supported above the furnace, a header fixed in each inwardly facing seat, aheader loosely supported in each outwardly facing necting the upper header at each side of the furnace withthe lower headers on the opposite sides of the furnace, and extending through thepfurnace, means for supplying the headers, and tubes leading from the upper headers to the shell.

7. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, headers on opposite sides of the furnace, connection between headers on opposite sidesof the furnace, and tubes leading from headers on opposite sides of the furnace to the shell and comprising exterior and interior sections, the interior sections having connection with the exterior sections and extending within the upper portion of v the shell.

8. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, headers at opposite sides of the furnace, diagonal conduits extending through the furnace and connecting the headers, conduits connecting the lower portion of the shell with theheaders, and conduits connecting the headers with the shell above the Water line of the shells.

9. The combination with a furnace, of an apertured shell, headers mounted on opposite sides of. the furnace, conduits connecting headers on opposite sides of the furnace, fittings on the shell and having channels communicating with the shell apertures, and tubes having their ends expanded inthe headers and fittings respectively; the said headers having openings opposite the tubes and having. removable plugs for closing said openings.

10. The combination with a furna'ce, of a shell, headers on opposite sides of the shell, conduits leading from the headers to upper portions of the shell, conduits leading from lower portions of the shell to the headers, exteriorly of the furnace, and conduits connecting headers on opposite sides of the furnace. 1

11. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, paired headers arranged at diflerent elevationson opposite sides of the furnace, means connecting the headers on the same side of the furnace, means connecting the upper headers with upper portions of the shell, pipes connecting the lower headers with lower portions of the shell and extending outside of the furnace, and pipes extending through the" furnace and connecting upper and lower headers on opposite sides of the shell. i

12. The combination with a furnace, of a shell, paired headers arranged at difiierent elevations on opposite sides of the furnace, means connecting the headers on the same side of the furnace, means connecting the upper headers with upper portions of the shell, pipes connecting the lower headers with lower portions of the shell and extending outside of. the furnace, pipes connect-l In testimony whereof I aflix'iny signature ing the lower headers With lowerportions in presence of two Witnesses, U of the shell and extending through the fur- MAXIMILIAN VON PAGENHARDT.

5 mace and connecting upper and lower head- ARTHUR'W. (Lars,

nace, and pipes extending through the fur- Witnesses: ers on opposite sides of the shell. L. E. COATS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by eddressing the vFGomm issioner of latents. Washington, D. (2. v 

